Résumé : Grapevine development is mainly determined by environmental factors whose effects are modulated by its complex topological structure. The trophic relationships between all the organs of the different axes appear to be the main underlying process which drive axis organogenesis in fluctuating environment. A new modelling approach is proposed based on GreenLab formalism in which axis organogenesis is controlled by stochastic processes according to trophic competition between the different axes. In this model, a water budget was also implemented to account for the effects of water depletion. The model was validated at organ and axis scales on a large range of environmental conditions in terms of photosynthetic active radiation, temperature and soil water supply. The efficiency of the model to simulate plant development at a detailed scale proved its ability to further analyse of the retroactions between plant development and the different environmental variables in order to improve crop management.