V. Arcaro, K. Klinka, and D. Gasparini, Finite element analysis for geometrical shape minimization, Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, vol.50, issue.2, 2009.

K. J. Bathe, Finite Element Procedures, 1996.

K. J. Bathe, A. Iosilevich, and D. Chapelle, An evaluation of the MITC shell elements, Computers & Structures, vol.75, issue.1, pp.1-30, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00214-X

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00839267

J. L. Batoz and G. Dhatt, Modélisation des Structures par Eléments Finis, 1992.

K. Bletzinger and E. Ramm, Structural optimization and form finding of light weight structures, Computers & Structures, vol.79, issue.22-25, pp.22-252053, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0045-7949(01)00052-9

D. Chapelle and K. J. Bathe, The Finite Element Analysis of Shells ? Fundamentals, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00839738

M. Durand, F. Hauville, P. Bot, B. Augier, Y. Roux et al., Unsteady numerical simulations of downwind sails, InnovSail10, pp.57-63, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01203190

K. Graf and H. Renzsch, RANSE investigations of downwind sails and integration into sailing yacht design processes, The Third High Performance Yacht Design Conference, 2008.

P. Heppel, Accuracy in sail simulation: Wrinkling and growing fast sails, High Performance Yacht Design Conference, 2002.

S. Kang and S. Im, Finite element analysis of dynamic response of wrinkling membranes, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol.173, issue.1-2, pp.227-240, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00271-0

J. Li and S. Chan, An integrated analysis of membrane structures with flexible supporting frames, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, vol.40, issue.5-6, pp.529-540, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-874X(03)00076-3

M. Lombardi, M. Cremonesi, A. Giampieri, N. Parolini, and A. Quarteroni, A strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction model for wind-sail simulation, Proceedings of the 4th High Performance Yacht Design conference, 2012.

M. Lombardi, N. Parolini, A. Quarteroni, and G. Rozza, Numerical Simulation of Sailing Boats: Dynamics, FSI, and Shape Optimization, Variational Analysis and Aerospace Engineering: Mathematical Challenges for Aerospace Design of Optimization and Its Applications, pp.339-377, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4614-2435-2_15

K. Lu, M. Accorsi, and J. Leonard, Finite element analysis of membrane wrinkling, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol.4, issue.5, pp.1017-1038, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/1097-0207(20010220)50:5<1017::AID-NME47>3.0.CO;2-2

S. Malpede and A. Baraldi, A fully integrated method for optimizing fiber-membrane sails, The Third High Performance Yacht Design Conference, 2008.

N. Nguyen-thanh, J. Kiendl, H. Nguyen-xuan, R. Wüchner, K. U. Bletzinger et al., Rotation free isogeometric thin shell analysis using PHT-splines, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol.200, issue.47-48, pp.47-483410, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cma.2011.08.014

J. T. Oden and T. Sato, Finite strains and displacements of elastic membranes by the finite element method, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol.3, issue.4, pp.471-488, 1967.
DOI : 10.1016/0020-7683(67)90002-9

N. Parolini and A. Quarteroni, Mathematical models and numerical simulations for the America???s Cup, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol.194, issue.9-11, pp.9-111001, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cma.2004.06.020

H. Renzsch and K. Graf, Fluid structure interaction simulation of spinnakers -getting closer to reality, Proceedings of the Second International Conference in High Performance Sailing Yachts, 2010.

Y. Roux, M. Durand, A. Leroyer, P. Queutey, M. Visonneau et al., Strongly coupled VPP and RANSE code for sailing yacht performance prediction, The Third High Performance Yacht Design Conference, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01156261

B. Tabarrok and Z. Qin, Nonlinear analysis of tension structures, Computers & Structures, vol.45, issue.5-6, pp.973-984, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0045-7949(92)90056-6

A. Tessler, D. Sleight, and J. Wang, Nonlinear shell modelling of thin membranes with emphasis on structural wrinkling, 1931.

D. Trimarchi, Analysis of downwind sail structures using non-linear shells finite elements ? wrinkle development and fluid interaction effects, 2012.

D. Trimarchi, S. R. Turnock, D. Chapelle, and D. Taunton, The use of shell elements to capture sail wrinkles, and their influence on aerodynamic loads, InnovSail10, 2010.

I. M. Viola and R. G. Flay, Sail pressures from full-scale, wind-tunnel and numerical investigations, Ocean Engineering, vol.38, issue.16, pp.1733-1743, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2011.08.001

C. G. Wang, H. F. Tan, X. W. Du, and Z. M. Wan, Wrinkling prediction of rectangular shell-membrane under transverse in-plane displacement, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol.44, issue.20, pp.6507-6516, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2007.02.036

Y. Wong and S. Pellegrino, Wrinkled membranes: Experiments (Part I), analytical models (Part II) and numerical simulations (Part III), Journal of Materials and Structures, vol.1, 2006.

O. C. Zienkiewicz, R. L. Taylor, and J. Z. Zhu, The Finite Element Method: its Basis and Fundamentals. The Finite Element Method, 2005.