E. G. The-directive, EC on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE); the DirectiveEC on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS); and the Regulation EC 1907/2006 on Chemicals and their Safe Use dealing with the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances (REACH) This law entered into force on 1, 2002.

. Gartner and I. Green, See also relevant Climate Group study "SMART 2020" under, http://www.smart2020.org/publications/ 17 Meeting held in Brussels on 3 For contributions, see: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/programme/events3-20080703_en.html 18. ICT and Energy Efficiency. The Case for Manufacturing, Recommendations of the Consultation Group chaired by Professor Reimund Neugebauer, European Commission, The New Industry Shockwave, 2007.

R. Zobel and E. Filos, The Impact of ICT on Energy Efficiency, Exploiting the Knowledge Economy: Issues, Applications and Case Studies, pp.139-146, 2006.

A. European-economic-recovery-plan and . Com, see: http://ec.europa.eu/commission_barroso/president/pdf/Comm_20081126.pdf. The Factories of the Future initiative, as a research and innovation public-private partnership, has a total budget envelope of ? 1.2 billion, from, 2008.