M. Alavi and D. E. Leidner, Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues, MIS Quarterly, vol.25, issue.1, pp.107-136, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/3250961

G. D. Bhatt, Knowledge management in organizations: examining the interaction between technologies, techniques, and people, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol.5, issue.1, pp.68-75, 2001.
DOI : 10.1108/13673270110384419

A. S. Bollinger and R. D. Smith, Managing organizational knowledge as a strategic asset, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol.5, issue.1, pp.8-18, 2001.
DOI : 10.1108/13673270110384365

K. M. Bartol and A. Srivastava, Encouraging Knowledge Sharing: The Role of Organizational Reward Systems, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, vol.9, issue.1, pp.64-76, 2002.
DOI : 10.1177/107179190200900105

A. Mcmurray, Transferring knowledge between supervisors and managerial peer groups: failing at trust gurdle, The Third European Conference on Organizational Knowledge, Learning and Capabilities, 2002.

T. Asimakou, The knowledge dimension of innovation management Knowledge Management Research & Practice, pp.82-90, 2009.

M. Polanyi, Personal Knowledge: Toward a post-critical philosophy, 1962.
DOI : 10.7208/chicago/9780226232768.001.0001

M. Polanyi, The Tacit Dimension, 1967.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-7506-9718-7.50010-X

I. Nonaka, A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation, Organization Science, vol.5, issue.1, pp.14-37, 1994.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.5.1.14

I. Nonaka and H. Takeuchi, The Knowledge-Creating Company, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-7506-7009-8.50016-1

E. Coukos-semmel, Knowledge management in research university: the processes and strategies, American Educational Research Association, 2003.

L. A. Petrides and T. R. Nodine, Knowledge Management in Education: Defining the Landscape. Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education, 2003.

K. H. Leitner, Intellectual capital reporting for universities: conceptual background and application for Austrian universities, Research Evaluation, vol.13, issue.2, pp.129-140, 2002.
DOI : 10.3152/147154404781776464

D. R. Sharimllah, S. C. Chong, and H. Ismail, The practice of knowledge management processes. A comparative study of public and private higher education institution in Malaysia. The journal of information and knowledge management systems, pp.203-222, 2009.

S. M. Sadiq and S. Daud, Knowledge sharing in higher education institutions. Perspective from Malaysia. The journal of information and knowledge management systems, pp.125-142, 2009.

T. H. Davenport, D. W. Delong, and M. C. Beers, Successful knowledge management projects, Sloan Management Review, vol.39, issue.2, pp.45-47, 1998.

C. A. Thorn, Knowledge Management for Educational Information System. What is the state of the field?, Educational Policy Analysis Archives, vol.9, issue.47, 2001.

G. Hofstede, Culture's consequence: International differences in work-related values, 1980.

R. Magnier-watanabe and D. Senoo, Organizational characteristics as prescriptive factors of knowledge management initiatives, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol.12, issue.1, pp.21-36, 2008.
DOI : 10.1108/13673270810852368

S. E. Khilji, Human resource management in Pakistan, Routledge, 2001.

A. Razak, A. Sivadasan, and A. Vazehi, Organizational Innovative Capabilities: An Empirical Study of Malaysian Firms, Journal of Innovation and Business Best Practices, vol.1, issue.2, pp.9-18, 2009.

R. F. Hurley and G. T. Hult, Innovation, Market Orientation, and Organizational Learning: An Integration and Empirical Examination, Journal of Marketing, vol.62, issue.3, pp.42-54, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/1251742

T. H. Hurt, K. Joseph, and C. D. Cook, SCALES FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF INNOVATIVENESS, Human Communication Research, vol.4, issue.1, pp.58-65, 1977.
DOI : 10.1086/224292

R. Ngah, H. H. Chua, and A. Razak, The relationship between knowledge management and trust: Malaysian perspective, International Journal of Management Innovation Systems, vol.1, issue.1, 2009.

T. Saeed, B. Tayyab, M. Anis-ul-haque, H. M. Ahmad, and A. U. Chaudhry, Knowledge Management Practices: Role of Organizational Culture, In American Society of Business and Behavioral Sciences, 2010.