D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz, Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks, Nature, vol.393, issue.6684, pp.409-410, 1998.

A. L. Barabási and R. Albert, Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks, Science, vol.286, issue.5439, pp.509-512, 1999.

R. Albert, H. Jeong, and A. L. Barabási, Error and attack tolerance of complex networks, Nature, vol.1696, issue.6794, pp.378-382, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/35019019

L. K. Gallos, R. Cohen, P. Argyrakis, A. Bunde, and S. Havlin, Stability and Topology of Scale-Free Networks under Attack and Defense Strategies, Physical Review Letters, vol.94, issue.18, p.188701, 2005.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.188701
URL : http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0505201

G. Paul, S. Sreenivasan, S. Havlin, and H. E. Stanley, Optimization of network robustness to random breakdowns, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, vol.370, issue.2, pp.854-862, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.physa.2006.02.044
URL : http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0507249

H. Jeong, B. Tombora, R. Albert, Z. N. Oltvai, and A. L. Barabási, The largescale organization of metabolic networks, Nature, vol.407, pp.651-654, 2000.

M. Newman, D. J. Watts, and S. H. Strogatz, Random graph models of social networks, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.64, issue.11, pp.2566-2572, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/81025
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC128577

H. Jeong, Z. Neda, and A. L. Barabási, Measuring preferential attachment in evolving networks, Europhysics Letters (EPL), vol.61, issue.4, pp.567-572, 2003.
DOI : 10.1209/epl/i2003-00166-9

E. Blumenfeld-lieberthal, The Topology of Transportation Networks: A Comparison Between Different Economies, Networks and Spatial Economics, vol.393, issue.4, pp.427-458, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s11067-008-9067-6

R. Patuelli, A. Reggiani, P. Nijkamp, and F. J. Bade, The evolution of the commuting network in Germany: Spatial and connectivity patterns, Journal of Transport and Land Use, vol.2, issue.3, 2010.
DOI : 10.5198/jtlu.v2i3.23

M. Batty, Cities and complexity, 2005.

J. Porutgali, Complexity, Cognition and the City, 2011.

J. Portugali, Self-Organization and the City, 2000.

C. Alexander, A city is not a tree, Architectural Forum, vol.122, issue.1222, pp.58-61, 1965.

M. Batty and P. Longley, Fractal Cities: A Geometry of Form and Function, 1994.

I. Benenson and . Torrens, P: Geosimulation: Automata-based modeling of urban phenomena, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/0470020997

R. White and G. Engelen, Cellular automata and fractal urban form: a cellular modelling approach to the evolution of urban land-use patterns, Environment and Planning A, vol.25, issue.8, pp.1175-1199, 1993.
DOI : 10.1068/a251175

C. Andersson, K. Frenken, and A. Hellervik, A Complex Network Approach to Urban Growth, Environment and Planning A, vol.58, issue.2, pp.1941-1964, 2006.
DOI : 10.1068/a37418

S. Porta, P. Crucittib, and V. Latora, The network analysis of urban streets: A dual approach, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, vol.369, issue.2, pp.853-866, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.physa.2005.12.063

B. Jiang and C. Claramunt, Topological Analysis of Urban Street Networks, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, vol.393, issue.2, pp.151-162, 2004.
DOI : 10.1068/b306
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.3.7634

G. K. Zipf, National unity and disunity, 1941.

P. Krugman, The Self-Organizing Economy, Blackwell, 1996.

M. Batty, Rank clocks, Nature, vol.89, issue.7119, pp.592-596, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature05302

F. Geoffery and R. Linsker, Synchronous neural activity in scale-free network models versus random network models, PNAS, vol.102, issue.28, pp.9948-9953, 2005.

L. Benguigui and E. Blumenfeld-lieberthal, Beyond the power law ??? a new approach to analyze city size distributions, Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol.31, issue.6, pp.648-666, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2006.11.002

P. Haggett and R. J. Chorley, Models in geography: the Madingley lectures for 1965, 1967.