V. Sulla and P. Zikhali, Overcoming Poverty and Inequality in South Africa : An Assessment of Drivers, Constraints and Opportunities, 2018.

M. K. Sein and G. Harindranath, Conceptualizing the ICT artifact: Toward understanding the role of ICT in national development, Inf Soc, vol.20, issue.1, pp.15-24, 2004.

C. Avgerou, The link between ICT and economic growth in the discourse of development, Boston, 2003.

R. Harris, Telecentres in Rural Asia: Towards a Success Model, International conference on Information Technology, Communications and Development, pp.71-111, 2001.

S. Kapondera and G. Hart, The use of multipurpose community telecentres and their services in Malawi: the case of Lupaso Community Telecentre, South African J Libr Inf Sci, vol.82, issue.1, pp.13-25, 2016.

M. Tanner and M. Osman, The influence of Telecentres on the psychological empowerment of underserved community members, 10th European Conference on Information Systems Management: ECISM 2016, 2016.

J. Brown and S. Hoque, Community based information services: A comparative study between Bangladesh and Philippine telecentres, First International Conference on ICT for Transformation, pp.52-59, 2016.

C. Mlatsheni and M. Leibbrandt, Unemployment in South Africa, The Oxford Companion to the Economics of South Africa, 2014.

Z. Ibrahim and S. Ainin, The Influence of Malaysian Telecenters on Community Building, Electron J eGovernment, vol.7, issue.1, pp.77-86, 2009.

S. Russell, A. Muraco, A. Subramaniam, and C. Laub, Youth Empowerment and High School Gay-Straight Alliances, J Youth Adolesc, vol.38, issue.7, pp.891-903, 2009.

M. Chinman and J. Linney, Toward a Model of Adolescent Empowerment: Theoretical and Empirical Evidence, J Prim Prev, vol.18, issue.4, pp.393-413, 1998.

. Gsma, The Mobile Economy Sub-Saharan Africa, 2017.

N. Powdthavee, Unhappiness and Crime : Evidence from South Africa, Ecomonica, vol.72, issue.287, pp.531-578, 2005.

S. Rospabe and H. Selod, Does city structure cause unemployment? The case of Cape Town, Poverty and Policy in Post-aparteid South Africa, 2006.

M. Sekatane and T. Sekhampu, Correlates of poverty amongst households receiving goverment grants in a South African township, Int J Soc Sci Hum Stud, vol.6, issue.1, pp.11-21, 2014.

Z. Aji, S. Yusof, W. R. Osman, and N. Yusop, A Conceptual Model for Psychological Empowerment of Telecentre Users, Comput Inf Sci, vol.3, issue.3, pp.71-80, 2010.

A. Lenhart, K. Purcell, A. Smith, and K. Zickuhr, Social Media & Mobile Internet Use among Teens and Young Adults. Millennials. Pew Internet Am Life Proj, vol.01, pp.1-16, 2010.

C. Lemanski, A new apartheid? The spatial implications of fear of crime in Cape Town, South Africa. Environ Urban, vol.16, issue.2, pp.101-113, 2004.

W. Chigona, O. Lekwane, K. Westcott, and A. Chigona, Uses, benefits and challenges of public access points in the face of growth of mobile technology, Electron J Inf Syst Dev Ctries, vol.49, issue.1, pp.1-14, 2011.

M. Mukerji, Telecentres in rural India: Emergence and a typology, Electron J Inf Syst Dev Ctries, vol.35, issue.1, pp.1-13, 2008.

S. Cheuk, A. Atang, and M. Lo, Community attitudes towards the telecentre in Bario, Borneo Malaysia: 14 years on, Int J Innov Manag Technol, vol.3, issue.6, pp.682-689, 2012.

H. Attwood, K. Diga, E. Braathen, and J. May, Telecentre functionality in South Africa: re-enabling the community ICT access environment, J Community Informatics, vol.9, issue.4, 2013.

S. A. Stats, Quarterly Labour Force Survey. Pretoria, 2017.

N. Wilson, S. Dasho, A. Martin, A. Wallerstein, C. Wang et al., Engaging young adolescents in social action through photovoice -The Youth Empowerment Strategies (YES!) Project, J Early Adolesc, vol.27, issue.2, pp.241-61, 2007.

A. Wilkinson, A. Pettifor, M. Rosenberg, C. Halpern, H. Thirumurthy et al., The employment environment for youth in rural South Africa: A mixed-methods study, Dev South Afr, vol.34, issue.1, pp.17-32, 2017.

D. Kleine and . Ict4what?-, Using the choice framework to operationalise the capability approach to development, J Int Dev, vol.22, issue.5, pp.674-92, 2010.

B. Samah and M. Badsar, Factors Influencing Rural Community Empowerment to Achieve Telecentres, Ownership. Soc Sci, vol.8, issue.5, pp.461-466, 2013.

S. Bailur and B. Gigler, Introduction: The Potential for Empowerment through ICTs, Closing the Feedback Loop: Can Technology Bridge the Accountability Gap, pp.1-16, 2014.

A. Alao, T. Lwoga, and W. Chigona, Telecentres Use in Rural Communities and Women Empowerment: Case of Western Cape. In: Information and Communication Technologies for Development, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01650057

S. Akram, I. Shaheen, and S. Kiyyani, Socio-economic empowerment of women through micro enterprises: A case study of AJK, Eur Sci J, vol.11, issue.22, 2015.

N. Sulaiman and R. Muhamad, Empowering the society through companies CSR agenda, SHS Web of Conferences, 2017.

N. Yusop, S. Mohd-affendi, Z. Mat-aji, H. H. Ibrahim, M. Kasiran et al., The Influence of Community Characteristics towards Telecentres Success, Comput Inf Sci, vol.3, issue.2, pp.116-136, 2010.

D. Kleine, Technologies of choice?: ICTs, development, and the capabilities approach, 2013.

A. Ojo, T. Janowski, and J. Awatwi, Enabling development through governance and mobile technology, Gov Inf Q, vol.30, issue.1, pp.32-45, 2013.

M. Saunders, P. Lewis, and A. Thornhill, Research Methods for Business Students, 2009.

W. Chigona and P. Licker, Using Diffusion of Innovations Framework to Explain the Communal Computing Facilities Adoption among the Urban Poor, Inf Technol Int Dev, vol.4, issue.3, pp.57-73, 2008.