# Number-Resolved Photocounter for Propagating Microwave Mode

3 QUANTIC - QUANTum Information Circuits
MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris, SU - Sorbonne Université, Inria de Paris
Abstract : Detectors of propagating microwave photons have recently been realized using superconducting circuits. However a number-resolved photocounter is still missing. In this letter, we demonstrate a single-shot counter for propagating microwave photons that can resolve up to $3$ photons. It is based on a pumped Josephson Ring Modulator that can catch an arbitrary propagating mode by frequency conversion and store its quantum state in a stationary memory mode. A transmon qubit then counts the number of photons in the memory mode using a series of binary questions. Using measurement based feedback, the number of questions is minimal and scales logarithmically with the maximal number of photons. The detector features a detection efficiency of $0.96 \pm 0.04$, and a dark count probability of $0.030 \pm 0.002$ for an average dead time of $4.5~\mathrm{\mu s}$. To maximize its performance, the device is first used as an \emph{in situ} waveform detector from which an optimal pump is computed and applied. Depending on the number of incoming photons, the detector succeeds with a probability that ranges from $(54 \pm 2)\%$ to $99\%$.
Document type :
Journal articles

https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03084905
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Submitted on : Monday, December 21, 2020 - 2:19:57 PM
Last modification on : Friday, January 21, 2022 - 3:16:35 AM

### Citation

Rémy Dassonneville, Réouven Assouly, Théau Peronnin, Pierre Rouchon, Benjamin Huard. Number-Resolved Photocounter for Propagating Microwave Mode. Physical Review Applied, American Physical Society, 2020, 14 (4), ⟨10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.044022⟩. ⟨hal-03084905⟩

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