‘If Only I Would Have Done that…’: A Controlled Adaptive Network Model for Learning by Counterfactual Thinking

Abstract : In this paper counterfactual thinking is addressed based on literature mainly from Neuroscience and Psychology. A detailed literature review was conducted in identifying processes, neural correlates and theories related to counterfactual thinking from different disciplines. A familiar scenario with respect to counterfactual thinking was identified. Based on the literature, an adaptive self-modeling network model was designed. This model captures the complex process of counterfactual thinking and the learning and control involved.