A. H. Abbot, D. J. Netherway, D. J. David, and T. Brown, Application and Comparison of Techniques for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Craniofacial Anomalies, Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, vol.1, issue.3, pp.119-134, 1990.
DOI : 10.1097/00001665-199001030-00001

K. S. Arun, T. S. Huang, and S. D. Blostein, Least-Squares Fitting of Two 3-D Point Sets, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.9, issue.5, pp.698-700, 1987.
DOI : 10.1109/TPAMI.1987.4767965

N. Ayache, Medical computer vision, virtual reality and robotics. Image Vision Comput Electronic version, pp.295-313, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0262-8856(95)99717-f

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615055

N. Ayache, A. Guéziec, J. Thirion, . Ph, A. Gourdon et al., Evaluating 3D registration of CT-scan images using crest lines, Mathematical Methods in Medical Imaging II, pp.29-44, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615715

N. Ayache, . Cinquin, . Ph, I. Cohen, L. Cohen et al., Segmentation of complex three-dimensional medical objects: a challenge and a requirement for computerassisted surgery planning and performance, Computer- Integrated Surgery, pp.59-74, 1996.

R. Bajcsy and S. Kova?i?, Multiresolution elastic matching. Comp. Vision Graphics Image Process, pp.1-21, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0734-189x(89)90082-0

A. H. Barr, Global and local deformations of solid primitives, ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, vol.18, issue.3, pp.21-30, 1984.
DOI : 10.1145/964965.808573

C. M. Bastuscheck, E. Schonberg, J. T. Schwartz, and M. Sharir, Object recognition by three-dimensional curve matching, International Journal of Intelligent Systems, vol.2, issue.2, 1986.
DOI : 10.1002/int.4550010203

P. J. Besl and N. D. Mckay, A method for registration of 3-D shapes, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.14, issue.2, pp.239-255, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/34.121791

H. Blum, A transformation for extracting new descriptors of shape Models for the Perception of Speech and Visual Form, pp.362-380, 1967.

J. L. Boes, P. H. Bland, T. E. Weymouth, L. E. Quint, F. L. Bookstein et al., Generating a Normalized Geometric Liver Model Using Warping, Investigative Radiology, vol.29, issue.3, pp.281-286, 1994.
DOI : 10.1097/00004424-199403000-00005

F. L. Bookstein, Principal warps: thin-plate splines and the decomposition of deformations, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.11, issue.6, pp.567-585, 1989.
DOI : 10.1109/34.24792

F. L. Bookstein, Morphometric Tools for Landmark Data, 1991.
DOI : 10.1017/cbo9780511573064

F. L. Bookstein, Landmark methods for forms without landmarks: morphometrics of group differences in outline shape, Medical Image Analysis, vol.1, issue.3, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S1361-8415(97)85012-8

F. L. Bookstein and C. B. Cutting, A proposal for the apprehension of curving cranofacial form in three dimensions, Cranofacial Morphogenesis and Dysmorphogenesis, pp.127-140, 1988.

M. Bro-nielsen and C. Gramkow, Fast Fluid Registration of medical images, Visualization in Biomedical Computing, pp.267-276, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BFb0046964

H. Springer, Electronic version

D. J. Burr, A dynamic model for image registration, Computer Graphics and Image Processing, vol.15, issue.2, pp.102-112, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0146-664X(81)90072-1

G. E. Christensen, R. D. Rabbitt, M. I. Miller, S. C. Joshi, U. Grenander et al., Topological properties of smooth anatomic maps, Information Processing on Medical Imaging, Computational Imaging and Vision, pp.101-112, 1995.

G. E. Christensen, A. A. Kane, J. L. Marsh, and M. W. Vannier, A 3D deformable infant CT atlas, pp.847-852, 1996.

G. E. Christensen, A. A. Kane, J. L. Marsh, and M. W. Vannier, Synthesis of an individualized cranial atlas with dysmorphic shape, Proceedings of the Workshop on Mathematical Methods in Biomedical Image Analysis, pp.309-318, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/MMBIA.1996.534083

T. F. Cootes, A. Hill, C. J. Taylor, and J. Haslam, Use of active shape models for locating structures in medical images, Image and Vision Computing, vol.12, issue.6, pp.355-366, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0262-8856(94)90060-4

T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson, and R. L. Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms, 1990.

E. Cuchet, J. Knoplioch, D. Dormont, and C. Marsault, Registration in neurosurgery and neuroradiotherapy applications, Journal of Image Guided Surgery, vol.1, issue.4, pp.198-207, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1522-712X(1995)1:4<198::AID-IGS2>3.0.CO;2-5

C. B. Cutting, Applications of computer graphics to the evaluation and treatment of major craniofacial malformations, 3D Imaging in Medicine, pp.163-189, 1991.

C. B. Cutting, F. L. Bookstein, B. Haddad, D. Dean, and D. Kim, <title>Spline-based approach for averaging three-dimensional curves and surfaces</title>, Mathematical Methods in Medical Imaging II, pp.29-44, 1993.
DOI : 10.1117/12.146610

C. Cutting, D. Dean, F. L. Bookstein, B. Haddad, D. Khorramabadi et al., A threedimensional smooth surface analysis of untreated Crouzon's disease in the adult, J. Craniofacial Surgery, vol.6, pp.1-10, 1995.

J. Comp, Electronic version, Assis. Tomogr, vol.20, pp.88-97

B. David and B. Laurin, Déformations ontogénétiques etévolutives et´etévolutives des organismes: l'approche par la méthode des points homologues, C. R. Acad. Sci, issue.309, pp.1271-1276, 1989.

D. Dean, The Middle Pleistocene Homo Erectus/Homo Sapiens Transition: New Evidence from Space Curve Statistics, 1993.

D. Dean, A. Guéziec, and C. B. Cutting, Homology and the criteria for building deformable templates, Current Issues in Statistical Shape Analysis, pp.202-205, 1995.

J. Declerck, G. Subsol, J. Thirion, . Ph, and N. Ayache, Automatic Retrieval of Anatomical Structures in 3D Medical Images, CVRMed'95, pp.153-162, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-49197-2_17

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00074190

J. Declerck, J. Feldmar, F. Betting, and M. L. Goris, Automatic registration and alignment on a template of cardiac stess & rest SPECT images, Workshop on Mathematical Methods in Biomedical Image Analysis, pp.212-221, 1996.

J. Feldmar and N. Ayache, Rigid, affine and locally affine registration of free-form surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.13, issue.2, pp.99-119, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00054998

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00074451

F. Vidal and S. , Squelettes et Outils de Topologie Discrète ApplicationàApplication`Applicationà l'imagerie Médicale 3D, 1996.

M. B. Fidrich, L. Florack, J. Koenderink, and M. Viergever, Following feature lines across scale, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.1252, pp.140-151, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-63167-4_46

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615797

D. Geiger and J. A. Vlontzlos, Matching elastic contours, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.602-604, 1993.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.1993.341065

T. Greitz, C. Bohm, S. Holte, and L. Eriksson, A Computerized Brain Atlas, Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, vol.15, issue.1, pp.26-38, 1991.
DOI : 10.1097/00004728-199101000-00003

A. Guéziec and N. Ayache, Smoothing and matching of 3-d space curves, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.79, issue.3, pp.79-104, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01420985

A. Hill, A. Thornham, and C. J. Taylor, Model-Based Interpretation of 3D Medical Images, Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 1993, pp.339-348, 1993.
DOI : 10.5244/C.7.34

K. H. Höhne, M. Bomans, M. Riemer, R. Schubert, U. Tiede et al., A volume-based anatomical atlas, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol.12, issue.4, pp.72-78, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/38.144829

B. K. Horn, Closed-form solution of absolute orientation using unit quaternions, Journal of the Optical Society of America A, vol.4, issue.4, pp.629-642, 1987.
DOI : 10.1364/JOSAA.4.000629

M. Hosaka, Modeling of curves and surfaces in CAD/CAM, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-76598-8

T. Kapur, W. E. Grimson, I. Wells, W. M. Kikinis, and R. , Segmentation of brain tissue from magnetic resonance images, Medical Image Analysis, vol.1, issue.2, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S1361-8415(96)80008-9

E. Kishon, T. Hastie, and H. Wolfson, 3-D curve matching using splines, J. Robotic Syst, vol.6, pp.723-743, 1991.
DOI : 10.1007/bfb0014915

W. E. Lorensen and H. E. Cline, Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm, ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, vol.21, issue.4, pp.163-169, 1987.
DOI : 10.1145/37402.37422

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.132.3930

G. Malandain, G. Bertrand, and N. Ayache, Topological segmentation of discrete surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.17, issue.6, pp.183-197, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01420736

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615557

J. F. Mangin, V. Frouin, I. Bloch, J. Régis, L. `-opez-krahe et al., From 3D magnetic resonance images to structural representations of the cortex topography using topology preserving deformations, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, vol.44, issue.6, pp.297-318, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01250286

D. Marchac and D. Renier, New aspects of craniofacial surgery, World Journal of Surgery, vol.19, issue.6, pp.725-732, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01670519

S. Marrett, A. C. Evans, L. Collins, and T. M. Peters, A volume of interest (VOI) atlas for the analysis of neurophysiological image data, Medical Imaging III: Image Processing, pp.467-477, 1989.

J. W. Martin, Characterization of neuropathological shape deformations, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.20, issue.2, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/34.659928

J. Martin, A. Pentland, and R. Kikinis, Shape analysis of brain structures using physical and experimental modes, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition CVPR-94, pp.752-755, 1994.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.1994.323892

T. Mcinerney and D. Terzopoulos, Deformable models in medical image analysis: a survey, Medical Image Analysis, vol.1, issue.2, pp.91-108, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S1361-8415(96)80007-7

F. Mokhtarian, Multi-scale, torsion-based shape representations for space curves, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.660-661, 1993.
DOI : 10.1109/CVPR.1993.341040

O. Monga, N. Ayache, and P. T. Sander, From voxel to intrinsic surface features, Image and Vision Computing, vol.10, issue.6, pp.403-417, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0262-8856(92)90026-Y

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615542

M. Näf, G. Székely, R. Kikinis, M. E. Shenton, and O. Kübler, 3D Voronoi Skeletons and Their Usage for the Characterization and Recognition of 3D Organ Shape, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol.66, issue.2, pp.147-161, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/cviu.1997.0610

C. Nastar and N. Ayache, Frequency-based nonrigid motion analysis: application to four dimensional medical images, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.18, issue.11, pp.1067-1079, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/34.544076

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615057

W. L. Nowinski, A. Fang, B. T. Nguyen, R. Raghavan, R. N. Bryan et al., Talairach-Tournoux/Schaltenbrand-Wahren Based Electronic Brain Atlas System, CVRMed'95, pp.257-261, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-49197-2_31

T. Pajdla and L. Van-gool, Matching of 3-D curves using semi-differential invariants, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp.390-395, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/ICCV.1995.466913

X. Pennec, J. Thirion, and . Ph, Validation of 3-D registration methods based on points and frames, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp.557-562, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/ICCV.1995.466890

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615070

A. Pentland and S. Sclaroff, Closed-form solutions for physically based shape modeling and recognition, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol.13, issue.7, pp.715-729, 1991.
DOI : 10.1109/34.85660

E. Pernkopf, Atlas d'Anatomie Humaine, 1983.

F. P. Preparata and I. M. Shamos, Computational Geometry? an Introduction, 1985.

G. Quatrehomme, S. Cotin, G. Subsol, H. Delingette, Y. Garidel et al., A Fully Three-Dimensional Method for Facial Reconstruction Based on Deformable Models, Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol.42, issue.4, pp.649-652, 1997.
DOI : 10.1520/JFS14175J

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615074

S. Renaud, J. Michaux, J. J. Jaeger, and J. C. Auffray, Fourier analysis applied to Stephanomys (Rodentia, Muridae) molars: nonprogressive evolutionary pattern in a gradual lineage, Paleobiology, vol.16, issue.02, pp.251-261, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-6995(90)80022-8

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698161

F. J. Rohlf and L. F. Marcus, A revolution morphometrics, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.8, issue.4, pp.129-132, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0169-5347(93)90024-J

N. Royackkers, H. Fawal, M. Desvignes, M. Revenu, and J. M. Travère, Feature extraction for cortical sulci identification, 9th Scandinavian Conf. on Image Analysis, pp.1147-1154, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00963711

T. Schiemann, J. Nuthmann, U. Tiede, and K. H. Höhne, Segmentation of the visible human for high quality volume based visualization, Visualization in Biomedical Computing, pp.13-22, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BFb0046931

H. Springer, Electronic version: http://www.uke.unihamburg .de/Institutes

T. Schiemann, J. Nuthmann, U. Tiede, and K. H. Höhne, Generation of 3D anatomical atlases using the Visible Human, Computer Applications to Assist Radiology, SCAR, pp.62-67, 1996.

J. T. Schwartz and M. Sharir, Identification of Partially Obscured Objects in Two and Three Dimensions by Matching Noisy Characteristic Curves, The International Journal of Robotics Research, vol.14, issue.4, pp.29-44, 1987.
DOI : 10.1177/027836498700600203

G. Subsol, Construction Automatique d'atlas Anatomiques MorphométriquesMorphométriques`Morphométriquesà Partir d'images Médicales Tridimensionnelles, 1995.

G. Subsol, J. Thirion, . Ph, and N. Ayache, Application of an automatically built 3D morphometric brain atlas: Study of cerebral ventricle shape, Visualization in Biomedical Computing, pp.373-382, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BFb0046976

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615770

G. Subsol, N. Roberts, M. Doran, J. Thirion, and . Ph, Automatic analysis of cerebral atrophy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol.15, issue.8, pp.917-927, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0730-725X(97)00002-7

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615075

H. Suzuki, K. Yoshizaki, M. Matsuo, and J. Kashio, A Supporting System for Getting Tomograms and Screening with a Computerized 3D Brain Atlas and a Knowledge Database, CVRMed'95, pp.170-176, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-49197-2_19

G. Székely, C. Brechbühler, O. Kübler, R. Ogniewicz, and T. Budinger, Mapping the human cerebral cortex using 3D medial manifolds, Visualization in Biomedical Computing, pp.130-144, 1992.

G. Székely, A. Kelemen, C. Brechbühler, and G. Gerig, Segmentation of 2-D and 3-D objects from MRI volume data using constrained elastic deformations of flexible Fourier contour and surface models, Medical Image Analysis, vol.1, issue.1, pp.19-34, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S1361-8415(01)80003-7

R. Szeliski and S. Lavallée, Matching 3-D anatomical surfaces with non-rigid deformations using octree-splines, Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Biomedical Image Analysis, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/BIA.1994.315860

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.130.9240

. Comp and . Vision, Electronic version, pp.171-186

J. Talairach and P. Tournoux, Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain, 1988.

J. Thirion and . Ph, Fast non-rigid matching of 3D medical images, Medical Robotics and Computer Aided Surgery (MRCAS'95), pp.47-54, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615696

J. Thirion and . Ph, New feature points based on geometric invariants for 3D image registration, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.13, issue.1, pp.121-137, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00054999

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00077266

J. Thirion and . Ph, The extremal mesh and the understanding of 3D surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.2, issue.2, pp.115-128, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00055800

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615705

J. Thirion, . Ph, and A. Gourdon, Computing the Differential Characteristics of Isointensity Surfaces, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol.61, issue.2, pp.190-202, 1995.
DOI : 10.1006/cviu.1995.1015

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615056

J. Thirion, . Ph, and A. Gourdon, The 3D Marching Lines Algorithm, Graphical Models and Image Processing, vol.58, issue.6, pp.503-509, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/gmip.1996.0042

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00074885

J. Thirion, . Ph, G. Subsol, and D. Dean, Cross validation of three inter-patients matching methods, Visualization in Biomedical Computing, pp.327-336, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BFb0046970

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615773

P. M. Thompson and A. W. Toga, Detection, visualization and animation of abnormal anatomic structure with a deformable probabilistic brain atlas based on random vector field transformations, Medical Image Analysis, vol.1, issue.4, pp.217-294, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S1361-8415(97)85002-5

P. M. Thompson, C. Schwartz, and W. Toga, High-Resolution Random Mesh Algorithms for Creating a Probabilistic 3D Surface Atlas of the Human Brain, NeuroImage, vol.3, issue.1, pp.19-34, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1996.0003

Z. Zhang, Iterative point matching for registration of free-form curves and surfaces, International Journal of Computer Vision, vol.7, issue.3, pp.119-152, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01427149