P. S. Arya, Introduction to Micrometeorology, p.415, 2001.

D. Banfield, B. J. Conrath, M. D. Smith, P. R. Christensen, and R. J. Wilson, Forced waves in the Martian atmosphere from MGS TES nadir data, Icarus, vol.161, issue.2, pp.44-45, 2003.

J. R. Barnes, Linear baroclinic instability in the Martian atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci, vol.41, pp.1440-1536, 1984.

J. R. Barnes, R. M. Haberle, R. J. Wilson, S. R. Lewis, J. R. Murphy et al., The global circulation, The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars, pp.229-294, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-00909934

S. Basu, M. I. Richardson, and R. J. Wilson, Simulation of the Martian dust cycle with the GFDL Mars GCM, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, issue.E11, 2004.

J. L. Benson, D. M. Kass, A. Kleinböhl, D. J. Mccleese, J. T. Schofield et al., Mars' south polar hood as observed by the Mars Climate Sounder, J. Geophys. Res, vol.115, 2010.

J. L. Benson, D. M. Kass, and A. Kleinböhl, Mars' north polar hood as observed by the Mars Climate Sounder, J. Geophys. Res, vol.116, issue.E3, 2011.

J. Bibring, Y. Langevin, F. Poulet, A. Gendrin, and B. Gondet, Perennial water ice identified in the south polar cap of Mars, Nature, vol.428, pp.627-630, 2004.

H. M. Böttger, S. R. Lewis, P. L. Read, and F. Forget, The effects of the Martian regolith on GCM water cycle simulations, Icarus, vol.177, pp.174-189, 2005.

W. V. Boynton, W. C. Feldman, S. W. Squyres, T. H. Prettyman, and J. Brückner, Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: evidence for subsurface ice deposits, Science, vol.297, pp.81-85, 2002.

W. H. Brutsaert, Evaporation into the Atmosphere, D. Reidel, p.299, 1982.

A. Colaprete, O. B. Toon, and J. A. Magalhaes, Cloud formation under Mars Pathfinder conditions, J. Geophys. Res, vol.104, issue.E4, pp.9043-9054, 1999.

M. Collins, S. R. Lewis, and P. L. Read, Gravity wave drag in a global circulation model of the Martian atmosphere: parameterization and validation, Adv. Space Res, vol.19, issue.8, pp.277-286, 1997.

F. Daerden, L. Neary, S. Viscardy, A. Garcia-munoz, R. T. Clancy et al., Mars atmospheric chemistry simulations with the GEM-Mars General Circulation Model, Icarus, vol.326, pp.197-224, 2018.

C. Dundas and S. Byrne, Modeling sublimation of ice exposed by new impacts in the Martian mid-latitudes, Icarus, vol.206, issue.2, pp.716-728, 2010.

W. C. Feldman, T. H. Prettyman, S. Maurice, J. J. Plaut, and D. L. Bish, Global distribution of near-surface hydrogen on Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, 2004.

F. Forget, F. Hourdin, and O. Talagrand, CO 2 snowfall on Mars: simulation with a general circulation model, Icarus, vol.131, issue.2, pp.302-316, 1998.

R. M. Haberle and B. M. Jakosky, Sublimation and transport of water from the north residual polar cap on Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.95, pp.1423-1437, 1990.

R. M. Haberle, H. C. Houben, R. Hertenstein, and T. Herdtle, A boundary-layer model for Mars: comparison with Viking lander and entry data, J. Atmos. Sci, vol.50, issue.11, pp.1449-1554, 1993.

R. M. Haberle, J. B. Pollack, J. R. Barnes, R. W. Zurek, C. B. Leovy et al., Mars atmospheric dynamics as simulated by the NASA Ames General Circulation Model: 1. The zonal-mean circulation, J. Geophys. Res, vol.98, issue.E2, pp.3093-3123, 1993.

R. M. Haberle, M. M. Joshi, J. R. Murphy, J. R. Barnes, J. T. Schofield et al., General circulation model simulations of the Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure investigation/ meteorology data, J. Geophys. Res, vol.104, issue.E4, pp.8957-8974, 1999.

R. M. Haberle, F. Forget, A. Colaprete, J. Schaeffer, W. B. Boynton et al., The effect of ground ice on the Martian seasonal CO 2 cycle, Planet. Space Sci, vol.56, issue.2, pp.251-255, 2008.

R. M. Haberle, F. Montmessin, M. A. Kahre, J. L. Hollingsworth, J. Schaeffer et al., Radiative effects of water ice clouds on the Martian seasonal water cycle. 4th International Workshop on the Mars Atmosphere: Modelling and Observation, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00566705

R. M. Haberle, M. A. Kahre, J. L. Hollingsworth, J. Schaeffer, F. Montmessin et al., A cloud greenhouse effect on Mars: Significant climate change in the recent past? In: 43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, vol.1659, p.1665, 2012.

R. M. Haberle, . De-la-torre, M. Juarez, M. A. Kahre, D. M. Kass et al., Detection of northern hemisphere transient eddies at Gale Crater Mars, Icarus, vol.307, pp.150-160, 2019.

R. M. Haberle, M. A. Kahre, J. R. Barnes, J. L. Hollingsworth, and M. J. Wolff, MARCI observations of a wavenumber-2 large-scale feature in the North Polar Hood of Mars: Interpretation with the NASA/Ames Legacy Mars Global Climate Model, Icarus, 2019.

P. O. Hayne, D. A. Paige, J. T. Schofield, D. M. Kass, A. Kleinböhl et al., Carbon dioxide snow clouds on Mars: south polar winter observations by the Mars Climate Sounder, J. Geophys. Res, vol.117, 2012.

M. H. Hecht, Metastability of liquid water on Mars, Icarus, vol.156, issue.2, pp.373-386, 2002.

D. P. Hinson and H. Wang, Further observations of regional dust storms and baroclinic eddies in the northern hemisphere of Mars, Icarus, vol.206, pp.290-305, 2010.

D. P. Hinson and R. J. Wilson, Temperature inversions, thermal tides, and water ice clouds in the Martian tropics, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, 2004.

J. L. Hollingsworth and J. R. Barnes, Annual mass balance of the NPRC. Contours represent the net gain, J. Atmos. Sci, vol.53, issue.3, pp.428-448, 1996.

M. Haberle, Icarus, vol.333, pp.130-164, 2019.

F. Hourdin and A. Armengaud, The use of finite-volume methods for atmospheric advection of trace species. Part I: test of various formulations in a general circulation model, Mon. Weather Rev, vol.127, pp.822-837, 1999.

F. Hourdin, F. Forget, and O. Talagrand, The sensitivity of the Martian surface pressure and atmospheric mass budget to various parameters: a comparison between numerical simulations and Viking observations, J. Geophys. Res, vol.100, issue.E3, pp.5501-5523, 1995.

A. P. Ingersoll, Mars: occurrence of liquid water, Science, vol.168, issue.3934, pp.972-973, 1970.

L. T. Iraci, B. D. Phebus, B. M. Stone, and A. Colaprete, Water ice cloud formation on Mars is more difficult than presumed: laboratory studies of ice nucleation on surrogate materials, Icarus, vol.210, issue.2, pp.985-991, 2010.

M. Z. Jacobson, Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, 2005.

M. M. Joshi, B. N. Lawrence, and S. R. Lewis, Gravity wave drag in three-dimensional atmospheric models of Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.100, issue.E10, pp.21235-21246, 1995.

M. A. Kahre, J. R. Murphy, and R. M. Haberle, Modeling the Martian dust cycle and surface dust reservoirs with the NASA Ames general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, issue.E6, 2006.

M. A. Kahre, J. L. Hollingsworth, R. M. Haberle, and J. R. Murphy, Investigations of the variability of dust particle sizes in the Martian atmosphere using the NASA Ames general circulation model, Icarus, vol.195, issue.2, pp.576-597, 2008.

M. A. Kahre, J. L. Hollingsworth, R. M. Haberle, and R. J. Wilson, Coupling the Mars dust and water cycles: the importance of radiative-dynamic feedbacks during northern hemisphere summer, Icarus, vol.260, pp.477-480, 2015.

M. A. Kahre, J. R. Murphy, C. E. Newman, R. J. Wilson, B. A. Cantor et al., The Mars dust cycle, The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars, pp.295-337, 2017.

M. A. Kahre, R. M. Haberle, J. L. Hollingsworth, and M. J. Wolff, MARCI-observed clouds in the Hellas Basin during Northern Hemisphere summer on Mars: Interpretation with the NASA/Ames Legacy Mars Global Climate Model, Icarus, 2019.

D. M. Kass, A. Kleinböhl, D. J. Mccleese, J. T. Schofield, and M. D. Smith, Interannual similarity in the Martian atmosphere during the dust storm season, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.43, issue.12, pp.6111-6118, 2016.

R. G. Keesee, Nucleation and particle formation in the upper atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res, vol.94, issue.D12, pp.14683-14692, 1989.

D. R. Klassen, M. A. Kahre, M. J. Wolff, R. M. Haberle, and J. L. Hollingsworth, Modeling MARCI and TES aphelion cloud belt optical depth peak differences with the Ames MGCM, 6th International Workshop on the Mars Atmosphere: Modelling and Observation, 2017.

A. Kleinböhl, J. T. Schofield, D. M. Kass, W. A. Abdou, C. R. Backus et al., Mars Climate Sounder limb profile retrieval of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and dust and water ice opacity, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, issue.E10, 2009.

A. Kleinböhl, R. J. Wilson, D. Kass, J. T. Schofield, and D. J. Mccleese, The semidiurnal tide in the middle atmosphere of Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.40, 2013.

A. Kling, M. Kahre, J. Wilson, A. Brecht, and J. Murphy, Gravity wave drag parameterization for the new generation of Mars Global Circulation Models, European Planetary Science Conference, vol.12, 2018.

A. Kling, M. Kahre, J. Wilson, A. Brecht, and J. Murphy, Investigating Parameterized and Resolved Gravity Waves in the Martian Atmosphere With the NASA Ames Mars Global Climate Model, Fall AGU Meeting, pp.431-3853, 2018.

C. Lee, M. I. Richardson, C. E. Newman, and M. A. Mischna, The sensitivity of solsticial pauses to atmospheric ice and dust in the MarsWRF general circulation model, 2018.

S. R. Lewis, D. P. Mulholland, P. L. Read, L. Montabone, R. J. Wilson et al., The solsticial pause on Mars: 1. A planetary wave reanalysis, Icarus, vol.264, pp.456-464, 2016.

A. Määttänen, H. Vehkamäki, A. Lauri, S. Merikallio, J. Kauhanen et al., Nucleation studies in the Martian atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res, vol.110, issue.E2, 2005.

A. R. Mackenzie and P. H. Haynes, The influence of surface kinetics on the growth of stratospheric ice crystals, J. Geophys. Res, vol.97, issue.D8, pp.8057-8064, 1992.

J. Madeleine, F. Forget, E. Millour, T. Navarro, and A. Spiga, The influence of radiatively active water ice clouds on the Martian climate, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.39, p.23202, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115801

J. Madeleine, J. W. Head, F. Forget, T. Navarro, E. Millour et al., Recent Ice Ages on Mars: the role of radiatively active clouds and cloud microphysics, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.41, pp.4873-4879, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01023522

F. J. Martin-torres, M. Zorzano, P. Valentín-serrano, . Ari-matti, . Harri et al., Transient liquid water and water activity at Gale crater on Mars, Nat. Geosci, vol.8, pp.357-361, 2015.

A. S. Medvedev, E. Yigit, P. Hartogh, and E. Becker, Influence of gravity waves on the Martian atmosphere: general circulation modeling, J. Geophys. Res, vol.116, issue.E10, 2011.

G. L. Mellor and T. Yamada, Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys, vol.20, pp.851-875, 1982.

T. I. Michaels, A. Colaprete, and S. C. Rafkin, Significant vertical water transport by mountain-induced circulations on Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.33, p.16201, 2006.

D. V. Michelangeli, O. B. Toon, R. M. Haberle, and J. B. Pollack, Numerical simulations of the formation and evolution of water ice clouds in the Martian atmosphere, Icarus, vol.100, pp.261-285, 1993.

L. Montabone, F. Forget, E. Millour, R. J. Wilson, and S. R. Lewis, Eight-year climatology of dust optical depth on Mars, Icarus, vol.251, pp.65-95, 2015.

F. Montmessin, P. Rannou, and M. Cabane, New insights into Martian dust distribution and water-ice cloud microphysics, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E6, 2002.

F. Montmessin, F. Forget, P. Rannou, M. Cabane, and R. M. Haberle, Origin and role of water ice clouds in the Martian water cycle as inferred from a general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, 2004.

F. Montmessin, M. D. Smith, Y. Langevin, M. T. Mellon, A. Fedorova et al., The water cycle, The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars, pp.338-373, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01629824

D. P. Mulholland, S. R. Lewis, P. L. Read, J. Madeleine, and F. Forget, The solsticial pause on Mars: 2 modelling and investigation of causes, Icarus, vol.264, pp.465-477, 2016.

G. Musiolik, M. Kruss, and T. Demirci, Saltation under Martian gravity and its influence on the global dust distribution, Icarus, vol.306, pp.25-31, 2018.

T. Navarro, J. Madeleine, F. Forget, A. Spiga, E. Millour et al., Global climate modeling of the Martian water cycle with improved microphysics and radiatively active water ice clouds, J. Geophys. Res, vol.119, issue.7, pp.1479-1495, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01044402

L. Neary and F. Daerden, The GEM-Mars general circulation model for Mars: description and evaluation, Icarus, vol.300, pp.458-476, 2018.

C. E. Newman, S. R. Lewis, P. L. Read, and F. Forget, Modeling the Martian dust cycle, 1. Representations of dust transport processes, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E12, 2002.

C. E. Newman, S. R. Lewis, P. L. Read, and F. Forget, Modeling the Martian dust cycle, 2. Multiannual radiatively active dust transport simulations, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E12, 2002.

D. A. Paige, D. Crisp, M. L. Santee, A. Pottier, F. Forget et al., Unraveling the Martian water cycle with high-resolution global climate simulations, Bull. Astron. Soc, vol.22, pp.82-106, 1075.

T. H. Prettyman, W. C. Feldman, M. T. Mellon, G. W. Mckinney, and W. V. Boynton, Composition and structure of the Martian surface at high southern latitudes from neutron spectroscopy, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, issue.E5, 2004.

H. R. Pruppacher and J. D. Klett, Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation, vol.954, 1997.

N. E. Putzig and M. T. Mellon, Apparent thermal inertia and the surface heterogeneity of Mars, Icarus, vol.191, pp.68-94, 2007.

N. O. Rennó, M. L. Burkett, and M. P. Larkin, A simple thermodynamical theory for dust devils, J. Atmos. Sci, vol.55, pp.3244-3252, 1998.

M. I. Richardson and R. J. Wilson, Investigation of the nature and stability of the Martian seasonal water cycle with a general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E5, 2002.

A. V. Rodin, On the moment method for the modeling of cloud microphysics in rarefied turbulent atmospheres: I. condensation and mixing, Sol. Syst. Res, vol.36, pp.97-106, 2002.

H. Savijärvi, Mars boundary layer modeling: diurnal moisture cycle and soil properties at the Viking Lander 1 Site, Icarus, vol.117, pp.120-127, 1995.

J. Seki and H. Hasegawa, The heterogeneous condensation of interstellar ice grains, Astrophys. Space Sci, vol.94, pp.177-189, 1983.

D. S. Shaposhnikov, A. V. Rodin, A. S. Medvedev, A. A. Fedorova, T. Kuroda et al., Modeling the hydrological cycle in the atmosphere of Mars: influence of a bimodal size distribution of aerosol nucleation particles, J. Geophys. Res, 2018.

M. D. Smith, The annual cycle of water vapor on Mars as observed by the Thermal Emission Spectrometer, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E11, 2002.

D. E. Smith, M. T. Zuber, S. C. Solomon, R. J. Phillips, and J. W. Head, The global topography of Mars and implications for surface evolution, Science, vol.284, 1495.

M. D. Smith, F. Daerden, L. Neary, and A. Khayat, The climatology of carbon monoxide and water vapor on Mars as observed by CRISM and modeled by the GEM-Mars general circulation model, Icarus, vol.301, pp.17-131, 2018.

L. J. Steele, S. R. Lewis, M. R. Patel, F. Montmessin, F. Forget et al., The seasonal cycle of water vapour on Mars from assimilation of Thermal Emission R, Icarus, vol.333, pp.130-164, 2014.

, Spectrometer data, Icarus, vol.237, pp.97-115

M. J. Suarez and L. L. Takacs, Documentation of the AIRES/GEOS Dynamical Core: Version 2. NASA Technical Memorandum 104606, Goddard Space Flight Center, vol.5, 1995.

O. B. Toon, C. P. Mckay, T. P. Ackerman, and K. Santhanam, Rapid calculation of radiative heating rates and photodissociation rates in inhomogeneous multiple scattering atmospheres, J. Geophys. Res, vol.92, pp.16287-16301, 1989.

D. Tyler and J. R. Barnes, Atmospheric mesoscale modeling of water and clouds during northern summer on Mars, Icarus, vol.237, pp.388-414, 2014.

R. Urata and O. B. Toon, Simulations of the Martian hydrologic cycle with a general circulation model: implications for the ancient Martian climate, Icarus, vol.226, pp.229-250, 2013.

H. Wang, Cross-equatorial flushing dust storms and northern hemisphere transient eddies -an analysis for Mars year 24, J. Geophys. Res, vol.123, pp.1732-1745, 2018.

H. Wang and J. A. Fisher, North polar frontal clouds and dust storms on Mars during spring and summer, Icarus, vol.204, pp.103-113, 2009.

H. Wang and A. P. Ingersoll, Martian clouds observed by Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera, J. Geophys. Res, vol.107, issue.E10, 2002.

H. Wang, M. I. Richardson, R. J. Wilson, A. P. Ingersoll, A. D. Toigo et al., Cyclones, tides, and the origin of a cross-equatorial dust storm on Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.30, 2003.

S. G. Warren, Optical constants of ice from the ultraviolet to the microwave, Appl. Opt, vol.23, pp.1206-1225, 1984.

K. E. Williams, O. B. Toon, J. L. Heldmann, C. Mckay, and M. T. Mellon, Stability of mid-latitude snowpacks on Mars, Icarus, vol.196, pp.565-577, 2008.

R. J. Wilson, Dust cycle modeling with the GFDL Mars general circulation model, 4th International Workshop on the Mars Atmosphere: Modelling and Observation, 2011.

R. J. Wilson and S. D. Guzewich, Influence of water ice clouds on nighttime tropical temperature structure as seen by the Mars Climate Sounder, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.41, pp.3375-3381, 2014.

R. J. Wilson, S. R. Lewis, L. Montabone, and M. D. Smith, Influence of water ice clouds on Martian tropical atmospheric temperatures, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.35, 2008.

R. J. Wilson, E. Millour, T. Navarro, F. Forget, and M. Kahre, GCM simulations of aphelion season tropical cloud and temperature structure, 5th International Workshop on the Mars Atmosphere: Modelling and Observation, 1304.

M. J. Wolff, M. D. Smith, R. T. Clancy, R. Arvidson, M. Kahre et al., Wavelength dependence of dust aerosol single scattering albedo as observed by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, issue.E00D04, 2009.

A. P. Zent and R. C. Quinn, Measurement of H 2 O adsorption under Mars-like conditions: effects of adsorbent heterogeneity, J. Geophys. Res, vol.102, issue.E4, pp.9085-9096, 1997.

M. Haberle, Icarus, vol.333, pp.130-164, 2019.