Bandit Algorithms for Tree Search - Inria - Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique Access content directly
Reports (Research Report) Year : 2007

Bandit Algorithms for Tree Search

Rémi Munos
  • Function : Author
  • PersonId : 836863

Abstract

Bandit based methods for tree search have recently gained popularity when applied to huge trees, e.g. in the game of go (Gelly et al., 2006). The UCT algorithm (Kocsis and Szepesvari, 2006), a tree search method based on Upper Confidence Bounds (UCB) (Auer et al., 2002), is believed to adapt locally to the effective smoothness of the tree. However, we show that UCT is too ``optimistic'' in some cases, leading to a regret O(exp(exp(D))) where D is the depth of the tree. We propose alternative bandit algorithms for tree search. First, a modification of UCT using a confidence sequence that scales exponentially with the horizon depth is proven to have a regret O(2^D \sqrt{n}), but does not adapt to possible smoothness in the tree. We then analyze Flat-UCB performed on the leaves and provide a finite regret bound with high probability. Then, we introduce a UCB-based Bandit Algorithm for Smooth Trees which takes into account actual smoothness of the rewards for performing efficient ``cuts'' of sub-optimal branches with high confidence. Finally, we present an incremental tree search version which applies when the full tree is too big (possibly infinite) to be entirely represented and show that with high probability, essentially only the optimal branches is indefinitely developed. We illustrate these methods on a global optimization problem of a Lipschitz function, given noisy data.
Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
RR-6141.pdf (294.8 Ko) Télécharger le fichier
Origin : Files produced by the author(s)
Loading...

Dates and versions

inria-00136198 , version 1 (12-03-2007)
inria-00136198 , version 2 (13-03-2007)

Identifiers

Cite

Pierre-Arnaud Coquelin, Rémi Munos. Bandit Algorithms for Tree Search. [Research Report] RR-6141, INRIA. 2007, pp.20. ⟨inria-00136198v2⟩
469 View
1007 Download

Altmetric

Share

Gmail Facebook X LinkedIn More