Decentralised Coordination of Intelligent Autonomous Batteries

Abstract : This paper proposes enabling intelligence for cyber-physical system of intelligent collaborating energy storages. Two intelligent batteries coordinate their behaviour in a dynamic electricity price scenario, accumulating the energy when the electricity price is low, and replacing the grid when the price is high. Both batteries directly exchange their state information with each other without any centralized processing agent, following the coordination algorithm developed in this paper. This simplifies their integration and enables achieving more optimal behaviour with regards to state of their charge. When one battery is depleted, the other one immediately compensates the losses by a higher discharge rate. Such a distributed coordination approach enables plug-and-play formation of system of batteries, demonstrates the efficiency of such formation and allows for reduction of costs due to longer discharge time of the batteries.