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Pre-Training a Neural Language Model Improves the Sample Efficiency of an Emergency Room Classification Model
Abstract : To build a French national electronic injury surveillance system based on emergency room visits, we aim to develop a coding system to classify their causes from clinical notes in free-text. Supervised learning techniques have shown good results in this area but require a large amount of expert annotated dataset which is time consuming and costly to obtain. We hypothesize that the Natural Language Processing Transformer model incorporating a generative self-supervised pre-training step can significantly reduce the required number of annotated samples for supervised fine-tuning. In this preliminary study, we test our hypothesis in the simplified problem of predicting whether a visit is the consequence of a traumatic event or not from free-text clinical notes. Using fully retrained GPT-2 models (without OpenAI pre-trained weights), we assess the gain of applying a self-supervised pre-training phase with unlabeled notes prior to the supervised learning task. Results show that the number of data required to achieve a ginve level of performance (AUC>0.95) was reduced by a factor of 10 when applying pre-training. Namely, for 16 times more data, the fully-supervised model achieved an improvement <1% in AUC. To conclude, it is possible to adapt a multipurpose neural language model such as the GPT-2 to create a powerful tool for classification of free-text notes with only a small number of labeled samples.
Cited literature [17 references]
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-02611917
Contributor : Marta Avalos Connect in order to contact the contributor
Submitted on : Tuesday, May 19, 2020 - 11:23:41 AM
Last modification on : Saturday, June 25, 2022 - 7:46:36 PM
Contributor : Marta Avalos Connect in order to contact the contributor
Submitted on : Tuesday, May 19, 2020 - 11:23:41 AM
Last modification on : Saturday, June 25, 2022 - 7:46:36 PM
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18444-79384-1-PB.pdf
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