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Article Dans Une Revue Pure and Applied Analysis Année : 2023

The Boltzmann equation with an external force on the torus: Incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier hydrodynamical limit

Résumé

We study the Boltzmann equation with external forces, not necessarily deriving from a potential, in the incompressible Navier-Stokes perturbative regime. On the torus, we establish local-in-time, for any time, Cauchy theories that are independent of the Knudsen number in Sobolev spaces. The existence is proved around a time-dependent Maxwellian that behaves like the global equilibrium both as time grows and as the Knudsen number decreases. We combine hypocoercive properties of linearized Boltzmann operators with linearization around a time-dependent Maxwellian that catches the fluctuations of the characteristics trajec-tories due to the presence of the force. This uniform theory is sufficiently robust to derive the incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system with an external force from the Boltzmann equation. Neither smallness, nor time-decaying assumption is required for the external force, nor a gradient form, and we deal with general hard potential and cutoff Boltzmann kernels. As a by-product the latest general theories for unit Knudsen number when the force is sufficiently small and decays in time are recovered.
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Dates et versions

hal-02150286 , version 1 (07-06-2019)
hal-02150286 , version 2 (26-06-2020)
hal-02150286 , version 3 (13-11-2023)

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Marc Briant, Arnaud Debussche, Julien Vovelle. The Boltzmann equation with an external force on the torus: Incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier hydrodynamical limit. Pure and Applied Analysis, 2023, 4 (4), pp.597-628. ⟨10.2140/paa.2022.4.597⟩. ⟨hal-02150286v3⟩
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